Which legislation is designed to protect threatened and endangered species in the United States?

The Endangered Species Act (ESA) is specifically designed to protect threatened and endangered species and their habitats within the United States. Enacted in 1973, the ESA provides a framework for the conservation of species that are at risk of extinction, outlining measures for their recovery and requirements for the protection of their ecosystems. The Act empowers the federal government to designate critical habitats necessary for the survival of these species and to create recovery plans aimed at restoring their populations.

In contrast, the Clean Air Act focuses on regulating air emissions and ensuring air quality, while the National Environmental Policy Act mandates federal agencies to assess environmental effects of their proposed actions. The Wilderness Act, on the other hand, aims to preserve designated areas of federal land in their natural condition, protecting them from development and restricting motorized access. Each of these laws serves a unique purpose, but the Endangered Species Act is the primary legislation for the protection and recovery of threatened and endangered species.