What term describes an organism that cannot produce its own food?

The term that describes an organism that cannot produce its own food is "heterotroph." Heterotrophs rely on other organisms for their energy and nutrients, as they cannot synthesize their own food through processes like photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. This category includes animals, fungi, and many bacteria that obtain their sustenance by consuming organic matter from other living organisms or decomposing materials.

In contrast, the term "autotroph" refers to organisms that can produce their own food, typically through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. Examples include plants and certain bacteria. "Producers" is another term commonly associated with autotrophs, emphasizing their role in generating energy for the ecosystem. "Consumers" often refers to heterotrophs as well but is a broader category that includes organisms that eat producers or other consumers. Thus, the distinction lies in the ability to produce food versus relying on external sources for sustenance.